Marine Electronics

On many boats, mounting external sensors on the inside of a holding tank is too much of a hassle or is not an option because of where the tank is mounted. If the top of the tank is accessible, then it may be possible to install an internally mounted liquid-level sensor in the tank. Practical Sailor tested seven pre-packaged kits containing internally mounted tank-level sensors and remote monitor panels. Internally mounted tank-level sensors that used some form of float sensor were the SeaLand TankWatch1, Dometic DTM4, Groco TLM Series, and Wema SHS-8. Two test products used air pressure for reading: Fireboy-Xintex PTS and Hart Systems Tank Tender. And one productthe BEP Marines TS1 senderused ultrasonic technology to measure tank levels. All should work on standard composite, polyethylene, or aluminum tanks.

Every boat owner sooner or later becomes familiar with the degrading effects of the marine environment. Whether theyre barnacles along the waterline, metal fittings rusting on deck, or galvanic corrosion beneath the water, ultimately, we all learn to contend with such realities. But one damaging element in the marine environment often overlooked is the destructive power of bird feces. Guano, bird poop, white death-whatever you call it-is a strong corrosive. Bird feces naturally contain some of the most acidic substances: ammonia, uric, phosphoric, oxalic, and carbonic acids, as well as salt. Fecal matter from birds can cause crazing in Lexan hatches, accelerate the degradation of stitching in awnings, and break down the protective properties of wax. And yes, its also unsightly and unhealthy. The good news is that there are numerous devices on the market intended to dissuade birds from roosting on and fouling your decks or spars. This group comprises a broad range of sizes and styles from the ubiquitous plastic owl to the antenna-like, spider-style Daddy Long Legs.

In conjunction with paper charts, most sailors these days are navigating via electronic charts displayed on big-screen plotters. The three key manufacturers in the digital chart game are Garmin (Blue Charts), Navionics (Navionics Platinum and Navionics Gold), and Jeppesen Marine (C-Map). The world beneath the waters surface is an ever-changing one, and to keep out of harms way, a navigator must have the most up-to-date charts available. Keeping on track with LNMs, or Local Notice to Mariners, is a good start, but its not as comprehensive as downloading a new, updated hard-card chart from Garmin, Jeppesen, or Navionics. Practical Sailor compares their prices and methods for updating their electronic navigation charts. We also review the procedures you can use to notify chart suppliers of errors on the charts.

Charts and GPS help sailors stay out of harms way. But for navigation in those more remote destinations that may not be well-charted, relatively small and affordable forward-looking sonar is added security. Longtime cruising sailors Andy OGrady and Ulla Norlander sea-trialed Interphases new SE-200 Sonar Engine aboard their 42-foot sailboat Balaena. They used the sounding equipment primarily in Brazils muddy rias and shallow rivers. After six months of forward-looking sonar tests, OGrady and Norlander found that getting the most out of the device had a big learning curve. Sailors need to master the art of reading the sonar, adjusting the equipment, and determining false echoes. Common problems testers had with the sonar included interference and false echoes, the inability to set an alarm area on the radar screen, and a lack of space aboard to install the sonar where it wont be subject to interference. In spite of the SE-200s limitations, testers found it to be integral to their navigation. They use it regularly and reported that theyd feel lost without it.

Im not sure why this months Ocean Tested review of the new forward-looking sonar from Interphase Technologies, the SE-200 (page 14), gives me the creeps, but it does. The technology, which promises a digital representation of the seafloor ahead, is impressive, but I can't help but feel like were opening Pandoras box. Imagine that the SE-200 always worked as its promotional literature suggests, giving us adequate time to react to underwater obstacles ahead. Should the technology become affordable and widely accepted, groundings may become so rare that the worlds bays and estuaries will be populated by sailors whove never been humbled by the sudden heel of their boat as it wallows onto a mudflat. Part of what distinguishes sailors is that our affliction-this incurable addiction to wind and water-requires that we confront our own limitations. Each time we clear the bell buoy, we are embarking on an act of submission, surrendering ourselves and our good little ship to whatever the ocean might deliver.

Practical Sailor tested a dozen external speakers compatible as add-ons to cabin-bound VHF radios. Testers looked at the overall performance, including the sound quality and maximum output, of each unit along with cost and warranty. All speakers were also subjected to a spray test to determine corrosion resistance. We tested three models from marine audio system experts Poly-Planar and three from antenna giant Shakespeare. Standard Horizon had two entries, and Speco One had two. We rounded out the field with one speaker from SeaBowld and one from Icom. We selected a top pick in both the conventional and horn-style exterior speakers.

We found that in order to evaluate the wind generators performance effectively, we had to be able to monitor and log the cumulative amp hours each produced during the entire test period. The XBM Battery Monitor enabled us to do this. The XBM monitor uses microprocessor technology to provide complete battery status information and features a lighted, easy-to-read digital LCD readout showing volts, amps, amp hours consumed, and operating time remaining. Another handy feature is a bar graph that displays the batterys current state of charge in a simple graphical format. Historical information such as charge efficiency, deepest discharge, and average discharge are available at the touch of a button-buttons that are splash proof, allowing the meter to be flush-mounted in a semi-exposed location.

We last reported on handheld VHF radios in an October 2006 review of eight units priced under $175. The Uniden MHS350 ($150) took top honors, while the Standard Horizon HX270S ($100) was selected as the Practical Sailor Budget Buy. Two Icom radios-the IC-M32 and the IC-M2A-were also tested, but their short battery lives kept them out of the winners circle. Since that review, Icom has replaced the IC-M32 with a totally redesigned handheld that floats: the IC-M34. We put it through the same tests as the handhelds reviewed in 2006, following the required 14-hour charge with the supplied AC charger.

Over the last year, weve reviewed everything from thermo-electric coolers to snatch blocks, navigation software, PBO rigging, and even sunscreens. The 2007 Practical Sailor Gear of the Year winners list is no less varied. The general gear winners include the Superwind 350 wind generator, the Fujinon TS 1040 Techno-Stabi and Bushnell Stableview image-stabilized binoculars, the Mercury Big Foot 9.9-horsepower outboard engine, the Force 10 propane galley stove, Digital Antennas 3-dB VHF antenna, Harkens 1609 snatch block, the Kestrel 4000 and Speedtech Skymaster handheld weather instruments, the Norcold 60-quart and Engel 35-quart thermoelectric coolers, and both the Lewmar and Dax Onetouch winch handles. The marine safety gear standouts included the Elliot SOLAS-6 life raft, Mustangs automatic inflatable PFD/harness combo (MD 3184), West Marines Basic harness, the Mustang Integrity float coat, and the Mustang Ocean Commander survival suit. The marine maintenance products that topped our list include Interluxs Micron 66 bottom paint, West Marines CorrosionPro Lube metal protectant, the TC-11 corrosion-inhibiting spray, and the Star brite One-Step Cleaner Wax.

Recently, I had the exercise of chasing my two sons, Ben and Jake, around one of the many fall boat shows that again left me penniless this year. The nice thing about having kids later in life is that you have the opportunity to see the world through their eyes and feel young again. (Many chiropractors have built lucrative careers around this phenomenon, I am certain.) Being boys, they were instantly drawn to the aisles of electronics, and before long, both were fiddling with whatever gizmos they could get a hold of. Since tiny, wireless devices are the current rage, not only could they fondle a variety of gadgets, they could walk right off with them, which, of course, endeared them to the ever-watchful vendors.