A Rundown on Common VHF Features and Functions

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AquaQuake: A draining function specific to Icom radios; a vibrating “buzz” clears water from the speaker grill.

Noise-canceling: Reduces background noise, so you can be heard and can hear more clearly.

PA/hailer and foghorn: Public address function allows users to make announcements from the mic like a loud speaker when an optional external speaker is installed. The foghorn emits horn sounds from the external speaker.

Waterproof ratings: IPX7 means the VHF can handle submersion to 3 feet deep for up to 30 minutes. An IPX8 rating means the unit can handle continuous underwater use.

Dual-watch scan: A channel scan mode that monitors channel 16 and another selected channel every few seconds.

Tri-watch scan: Monitors both channel 16 and two other selected channels while scanning.

Priority scan: Channel 16 is checked between every other channel during scan.

Memory scan: All VHF channels in the VHF memory are scanned from lowest to highest.

Normal scan: VHF channels are scanned in numeric order.

MMSI: Maritime Mobile Service Identity number. Boats are assigned one nine-digit MMSI for all onboard equipment capable of transmitting and receiving digital signals—EPIRBs, AIS devices, DSC-capable VHFs, INMARSAT satellite terminals, etc.—and that number serves as an identifier for the boat. The boat’s emergency contact info is linked to the MMSI, so when a distress call is broadcast, the info is included in the message, giving rescue and emergency personnel accurate details of the boat.

DSC: Digital Selective Calling; primarily a distress-alerting function. Users can send a pre-configured digital distress message (over channel 70) to emergency personnel and other DSC-equipped boats in their area. The message contains information about the boat and its owner, its MMSI number, the nature of the distress, and priority of the call. When a DSC radio is connected to a GPS, the Mayday includes the boat’s location. The transmission takes about one-third of a second and is automatically repeated until a rescue authority answers.

Class D DSC: Class D radios have two separate receivers, one for voice communications and the second for continuously monitoring channel 70 for any DSC calls.

Darrell Nicholson
Practical Sailor has been independently testing and reporting on sailboats and sailing gear for more than 50 years. Supported entirely by subscribers, Practical Sailor accepts no advertising. Its independent tests are carried out by experienced sailors and marine industry professionals dedicated to providing objective evaluation and reporting about boats, gear, and the skills required to cross oceans. Practical Sailor is edited by Darrell Nicholson, a long-time liveaboard sailor and trans-Pacific cruiser who has been director of Belvoir Media Group's marine division since 2005. He holds a U.S. Coast Guard 100-ton Master license, has logged tens of thousands of miles in three oceans, and has skippered everything from pilot boats to day charter cats. His weekly blog Inside Practical Sailor offers an inside look at current research and gear tests at Practical Sailor, while his award-winning column,"Rhumb Lines," tracks boating trends and reflects upon the sailing life. He sails a Sparkman & Stephens-designed Yankee 30 out of St. Petersburg, Florida. You can reach him at darrellnicholson.com.